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With the overarching goal of preparing the analysts of tomorrow, Systems Analysis and Design offers students a rigorous hands-on introduction to the field with a project-based approach that mirrors the real-world workflow. Core concepts are presented through running cases and examples, bolstered by in-depth explanations and special features that highlight critical points while emphasizing the process of doing alongside learning. As students apply their own work to real-world cases, they develop the essential skills and knowledge base a professional analyst needs while developing an instinct for approach, tools, and methods. Accessible, engaging, and geared toward active learning, this book conveys both essential knowledge and the experience of developing and analyzing systems; with this strong foundation in SAD concepts and applications, students are equipped with a robust and relevant skill set that maps directly to real-world systems analysis projects.
Preface
Planning Phase
The Systems Analyst and Information Systems Development
Introduction
The Systems Analyst
Systems Analyst Skills
Systems Analyst Roles
The Systems Development Life Cycle
Planning
Analysis
Design
Implementation
Project Identification and Initiation
System Request
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Feasibility Analysis
Technical Feasibility
Economic Feasibility
Organizational Feasibility
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Chapter Review
Appendix 1A: Detailed Economic Feasibility Analysis for Drōnteq
Project Selection and Management
Introduction
Project Selection
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Creating the Project Plan
Project Methodology Options
Selecting the Appropriate Development Methodology
Estimating the Project Time Frame
Developing the Work Plan
Staffing the Project
Staffing Plan
Coordinating Project Activities
Managing and Controlling the Project
Refining Estimates
Managing Scope
Timeboxing
Managing Risk
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Staffing the Project
Coordinating Project Activities
Chapter Review
Appendix 2A: The Function Point Approach
Appendix 2B: Project Management Tools: The Gantt Chart and PERT Chart
Gantt Chart
PERT chart
Analysis Phase
Requirements Determination
Introduction
The Analysis Phase
Requirements Determination
What Is a Requirement?
The Process of Determining Requirements
The Requirements Definition Statement
Requirements Elicitation Techniques
Requirements Elicitation in Practice
Interviews
Joint Application Development (JAD)
Questionnaires
Document Analysis
Observation
Selecting the Appropriate Techniques
Requirements Analysis Strategies
Problem Analysis
Root Cause Analysis
Duration Analysis
Activity-Based Costing
Informal Benchmarking
Outcome Analysis
Technology Analysis
Activity Elimination
Comparing Analysis Strategies
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Eliciting and Analyzing Requirements
Requirements Definition
System Proposal
Chapter Review
Use Case Analysis
Introduction
What Is a Use Case?
The Use Case Concept in a Nutshell
Use Case Formats and Elements
Casual Use Case Format
Use Cases in Sequence
Fully Dressed Use Case Format
Applying Use Cases
Use Case Practical Tips
Use Cases and Functional Requirements
Use Cases and Testing
Creating Use Cases
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Identifying the Major Use Cases
Elaborating on the Use Cases
Chapter Review
Process Modeling
Introduction
Data Flow Diagrams
Reading Data Flow Diagrams
Elements of Data Flow Diagrams
Using Data Flow Diagrams to Define Business Processes
Process Descriptions
Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Creating the Context Diagram
Creating Data Flow Diagram Fragments
Creating the Level 0 Data Flow Diagram
Creating Level 1 Data Flow Diagrams (and Below)
Validating the Data Flow Diagrams
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Developing the Process Model
Creating Data Flow Diagram Fragments
Creating the Level 1 Data Flow Diagram
Creating Level 2 Data Flow Diagrams (and Below)
Validating the Data Flow Diagrams
Chapter Review
Data Modeling
Introduction
The Entity Relationship Diagram
Reading an Entity Relationship Diagram
Elements of an Entity Relationship Diagram
The Data Dictionary and Metadata
Creating an Entity Relationship Diagram
Building Entity Relationship Diagrams
Advanced Syntax
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Validating an Entity Relationship Diagram
Design Guidelines
Normalization
Balancing Entity Relationship Diagrams with Data Flow Diagrams
Chapter Review
Appendix 6A: Normalizing The Data Model
Design Phase
Moving into Design
Introduction
Transition from Requirements to Design
System Acquisition Strategies
Custom Development
Packaged Software
Outsourcing
Influences on the Acquisition Strategy
Business Need
In-House Experience
Project Skills
Project Management
Time Frame
Selecting an Acquisition Strategy
Alternative Matrix
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Chapter Review
Architecture Design
Introduction
Elements of an Architecture Design
Architectural Components
Client–Server Architectures
Client–Server Tiers
Server-Based Architecture
Mobile Application Architecture
Advances in Architecture Configurations
Comparing Architecture Options
Creating an Architecture Design
Operational Requirements
Performance Requirements
Security Requirements
Cultural and Political Requirements
Designing the Architecture
Hardware and Software Specification
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Creating an Architecture Design
Hardware and Software Specification
Chapter Review
User Interface Design
Introduction
The Usability Concept
Principles for User Interface Design
Layout
Content Awareness
Aesthetics
Usage Level
Consistency
Minimize User Effort
Special Issues of Touch Screen Interface Design
User Interface Design Process
Understand the Users
Organize the Interface
Define Standards
Interface Design Prototyping
Interface Evaluation/Testing
Navigation Design
Basic Principles
Menu Tips
Message Tips
Input Design
Basic Principles
Input Tips
Input Validation
Output Design
Basic Principles
Types of Outputs
Media
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Understand the Users
Organize the Interface
Define Standards
Interface Template Design
Develop Prototypes
Interface Evaluation/Testing
Chapter Review
Program Design
Introduction
Moving from Logical to Physical Process Models
The Physical Data Flow Diagram
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Designing Programs
Structure Chart
Syntax
Building the Structure Chart
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Design Guidelines
Program Specification
Syntax
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Chapter Review
Data Storage Design
Introduction
Data Storage Formats
Files
Databases
Selecting a Storage Format
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Moving from Logical to Physical Data Models
The Physical Entity Relationship Diagram
Revisiting the CRUD Matrix
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Optimizing Data Storage
Optimizing Storage Efficiency
Optimizing Access Speed
Estimating Storage Size
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Chapter Review
Implementation Phase
Moving into Implementation
Introduction
Managing the Programming Process
Assigning Programming Tasks
Coordinating Activities
Managing the Schedule
Testing
Test Planning
Unit Tests
Integration Tests
System Tests
Acceptance Tests
Developing Documentation
Types of Documentation
Designing Documentation Structure
Writing Documentation Topics
Identifying Navigation Terms
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Managing Programming
Testing
Developing User Documentation
Chapter Review
Transition to the New System
Introduction
Making the Transition to the New System
The Migration Plan
Selecting the Conversion Strategy
Preparing a Business Contingency Plan
Preparing the Technology
Preparing People for the New System
Understanding Resistance to Change
Revising Management Policies
Assessing Costs and Benefits
Motivating Adoption
Enabling Adoption: Training
Postimplementation Activities
System Support
System Maintenance
Project Assessment
Applying the Concepts at DrōnTeq
Implementation Process
Preparing the People
Postimplementation Activities
Chapter Review
Index
EULA